In a special scientific dialect, Tyumen scientists call such projects Nocepodobnye, that is, those that are really valuable from a research point of view and are able to justify the funds invested in them.
Within the framework of the Tyumen Scientific Center, work is carried out in four directions: breeding and seed production, archeology, biological products, cryology.
The project presented in the section "Breeding and seed production" is aimed at maintaining the country's food security. Currently, there are mainly global companies on the world agricultural arena, which very quickly create varieties with specified parameters, as quickly introduce them on the market, which poses a threat to the food security of individual countries. Russia is no exception: we have lost breeding for a number of crops. This leads to dependence on imported varieties. But the country does not stand still. Thanks to the work of scientists, a food security program is being formed in Russia: potato and beet breeding has been developed. The breeding center, which is based in Zapsibnots, has created about 40 unique varieties, for example, the spring wheat variety "Grenada", which is resistant to pathogens. The task of the breeding center is to go further, beyond the region, saturating the land of the whole country with high-quality seeds. Already, the area of distribution of varieties is 19 regions of the Russian Federation and 5 regions of Kazakhstan. Another important goal is to shorten the breeding cycle of the variety, which now takes 15-20 years. Speed, as you know– is one of the signs of competitiveness.
In the section "Archeology" the connection of this scientific discipline with the complex of various sciences was shown. Special attention was paid to archaeoparasitology. She is engaged in the reconstruction of nutrition, diseases and the sanitary condition of ancient settlements. In addition, the agenda of science includes the development of paleogenetic research, the study of the gut microbiome of ancient man. For six years, Tyumen scientists, by the way, are the only ones in the country engaged in this promising area, and the only ones in the world who work in the Arctic and subarctic zones. Scientific breakthroughs in genetics, biology and medicine should take place on the basis of their works.
In the section "Biologics", attention was paid to the development of human probiotics. Tyumen scientists "cooperate" with microorganisms from permafrost. Four patents have already been obtained, prototypes of drugs have been created. Interestingly, Russia ranks 2nd in the European probiotic market after Italy. It should be noted that there are very few proposals from science for the development of these substances. The Tyumen team plans to continue conducting genomic research in order to remove microorganisms from existing ones in their collection, which will be even more effective, as well as to develop new environments for them.
In addition, a project to protect humans and animals from arthropods – insects and ticks - was presented in this section. Because of them, agriculture can lose up to 40% of production. The main method used today, population reduction, is the use of pesticides. They are mostly chemically synthesized, which affects not only insects. The solution lies in the transition to the rational use of such drugs and in obtaining eco-products.
Cryological scientists are engaged in global issues that are consonant with the main agenda in the world – climate and ecology. In the section of the same name, the project of modeling the impact of the cryolithozone on the global methane cycle was defended. Gradually melting permafrost releases the gas contained in it. Russia, with its glacier areas, makes a significant "contribution" to the global climate change piggy bank. So far, natural gas emissions contribute a small percentage to this process, compared to anthropogenic impact. But in the near future, it will have a significant impact on this. In 20-30 years, the thawing of permafrost will be comparable to human influence. The Tyumen group of researchers studies the gas saturation of frozen rocks and suggests making climate change forecasts using all parameters, not just the temperature of the atmosphere. This will increase their credibility. Soon Tyumen residents will be engaged in their research at the international Arctic station "Snowflake", which is being built on Yamal, this is the world's first completely carbon-free Arctic complex.
Clarifying questions were asked and specific comments were given on each project that was presented at the session.
The final reports of the session were so succinctly scientific, but, of course, this is not the final step in science. New research is ahead, the refinement of already discovered innovative findings, which means that the world of science will not be the same in the name of man living in harmony with nature.